Vulnerabilities

Known CPU vulnerabilities and defects, matched by codename.

11 vulnerabilities

VulnerabilityCPUsFirst releasedMeaning
Foreshadow / L1 Terminal Fault138904'16Speculative reads from the L1 data cache through non-present page table entries, breaking SGX, OS and VMM isolation.
Meltdown170704'16Rogue data cache load: user code can read kernel memory through speculative execution.
Microarchitectural Data Sampling (ZombieLoad, RIDL, Fallout)151204'16Data in store buffers, fill buffers and load ports leaks across privilege boundaries.
Retbleed92104'16Return instructions are hijacked through the branch target buffer on cores without enhanced IBRS.
Special Register Buffer Data Sampling (CrossTalk)106504'16RDRAND/RDSEED results leak across cores through a shared staging buffer.
Spectre variant 1 (bounds check bypass)263704'16Mistrained conditional branches speculatively read out-of-bounds data. Mitigated in software only; every speculative out-of-order core is affected.
Downfall / Gather Data Sampling8162015-Q3The AVX gather instruction leaks stale data from internal vector registers.
Register File Data Sampling2952016-Q3Atom-class cores leak stale register file contents.
TSX Asynchronous Abort (ZombieLoad v2)3362017-Q4Aborted TSX transactions leak data from microarchitectural buffers, including on parts that fixed MDS.
Reptar4392019-Q3Redundant instruction prefixes put the front end into an undefined state, allowing privilege escalation or denial of service.
Vmin shift instability422022-Q4Elevated operating voltage requests degrade 13th/14th generation desktop CPUs over time, causing crashes. Mitigated by microcode 0x12B.